The first difference is that composting provides the Earth with nutrients once the material has disintegrated into compost, also known as humus. Eventually the humus is then biodegraded by bacteria, and fungi into the base elements, CO2, and mineral nutrients for supporting the growth of biomass.

Humus also ensures that oxygen and water can easily move through the loose soil, reaching the roots and supporting plant growth.

A second difference is that in the testing protocols for composting it is included to perform an ecotoxicity analyses, whereas in a biodegradability this is not always obliged. So when an article is labelled compostable, it is also verified to be free of potentially toxic matters after breakdown.

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